Question 1
Retail operations and retail inventory
‘Kites Galore’ began business on 1 October 2019. The business is owned and operated by Harry Smith as a sole-trader. The business will sell kites via an online store. The business is registered for GST. The following transactions occurred during October 2019:
| Date: | Details: |
| 1 Oct | Harry Smith deposited $20,000 into the business bank account. |
| 5 Oct | Kites Galore purchased of 50 kites on account for $2,750 ($55 per kite, including GST) from the kite manufacturer, Super Kites Ltd, on terms of 2/10, n/30. |
| 7 Oct | Kites Galore received an invoice from Star Track Freight Ltd relating to delivery costs for the kites purchased on 5 October. The amount due is $110 (including GST), and is due on 31 October. |
| 10 Oct | Kites Galore sent a cheque to Super Kites Ltd for purchases made on 5 October (net of the early payment discount). |
| 11 Oct | Kites Galore sent a cheque in the mail to Star Track Freight Ltd, in relation to the invoice received on 7 October. |
| 12 Oct | Kites Galore sold 20 kites via its online store, at $110 each (including GST). All of the customers paid by credit card or Paypal. The money was received in the business bank account by the end of the day. |
| 25 Oct | Super Kites Ltd, the kite manufacturer, had a promotion running for 24 hours, selling kites at a discounted price of $49.50 each (including GST), with free delivery. Kites Galore purchased 100 kites from Super Kites Ltd, and paid for the purchase by EFT from the business bank account. |
| 27 Oct | Kites Galore returned 20 of the kites purchased on 25 October as they were damaged. A refund of $990 was received in the business bank account. |
| 29 Oct | Kites Galore sold 60 kites via its online store, at $110 each (including GST). All of the customers paid by credit card or Paypal. The money was received in the business bank account by the end of the day. |
| 31 Oct | An amount of $99 (including GST) was direct debited from the business bank account by Telstra, for the business internet service for October. |
| 31 Oct | Kites Galore received an invoice from Hit Radio, for radio advertising for the month of October. The total amount payable is $550 (including GST), and the invoice is due for payment on 7 November. |
| 31 Oct | Kites Galore received an invoice from Australia Post re. postage costs for delivering kites to customers. Australia Post charges $5.50 per kite (including GST) for each kite. The total amount payable on the invoice is $440. The invoice is due for payment on 15 November. |
Harry Smith doesn’t have any experience keeping inventory and accounting records. Harry has come to you for assistance, as he needs help preparing his records for October.
After meeting with Harry, he has agreed that the perpetual inventory system and the average-cost method should be used for his business. When using the average-cost method, the business will calculate a new average cost per unit after each purchase.
Required:
- Prepare an Excel worksheet for the kites for October, using the average-cost method to keep track of the number of kites purchased, kites sold, kites on hand, cost of goods sold and gross profit made.
- Prepare journal entries in Excel (including any adjusting entries) for all of the business’s transactions for October (using the perpetual inventory system and average-cost method). Include dates, references and narrations.
- Prepare the ‘Adjusted Trial Balance’ in an Excel spreadsheet as at 31st October 2019. Use formulas to generate all of the figures in the ‘Adjusted Trial Balance’.
- Prepare the income statement, balance sheet, and statement of changes in equity in Excel. Use formulas to generate all of the figures in the financial statement reports from the ‘Adjusted Trial Balance’.
- Calculate the business’s gross profit percentage and current ratio.
Question 2
Bank reconciliations and cash
This question continues on from question 1 above.
It is now January 2020, and Harry Smith has come to you for some assistance as he is having trouble reconciling the bank account as at 31 December 2019.
The December 2019 bank statement appeared as follows:
| Bank statement for December 2019: | ||||
| Date | Description | Deposit | Withdrawal | Balance |
| 1/12/2019 | Opening balance | $14,550.00 | ||
| 1/12/2019 | Loan application fee | 300.00 | $14,250.00 | |
| 2/12/2019 | EFT – Harry Smith Drawings | 1,000.00 | $13,250.00 | |
| 5/12/2019 | Deposit | 1,650.00 | $14,900.00 | |
| 5/12/2019 | Cheque 43 | 440.00 | $14,460.00 | |
| 11/12/2019 | EFT – Super Kites Ltd | 5,500.00 | $8,960.00 | |
| 14/12/2019 | Deposit | 2,200.00 | $11,160.00 | |
| 18/12/2019 | Cheque 44 | 330.00 | $10,830.00 | |
| 18/12/2019 | Deposit | 3,300.00 | $14,130.00 | |
| 20/12/2019 | Cheque 45 | 220.00 | $13,910.00 | |
| 21/12/2019 | Cheque 46 | 110.00 | $13,800.00 | |
| 21/12/2019 | Deposit | 440.00 | $14,240.00 | |
| 21/12/2019 | EFT – Harry Smith Drawings | 1,000.00 | $13,240.00 | |
| 22/12/2019 | EFT – Super Kites Ltd | 1,100.00 | $12,140.00 | |
| 23/12/2019 | Deposit | 660.00 | $12,800.00 | |
| 24/12/2019 | EFT – Wages Tom Webb | 600.00 | $12,200.00 | |
| 31/12/2019 | Direct debit – Telstra internet | 99.00 | $12,101.00 | |
| 31/12/2019 | Interest | 6.00 | $12,107.00 | |
| 31/12/2019 | Monthly bank fee | 20.00 | $12,087.00 | |
Kites Galore’s accounting records for December 2019 showed an opening balance for the ‘bank’ account of $14,110. The bank reconciliation from November 2019 showed a bank balance of $14,550, less one outstanding cheque (Cheque 43) for $440. Following is a summary of deposits and withdrawals recorded in the accounting records during December:
| Withdrawals: | Deposits: | ||||
| Amount | |||||
| Date | Detail | Amount | Date | banked | |
| 2/12/2019 | EFT – Harry Smith Drawings | $1,000.00 | |||
| 11/12/2019 | EFT – Super Kites Ltd | $5,500.00 | 5/12/2019 | $1,650.00 | |
| 16/12/2019 | Cheque 44 | $300.00 | 14/12/2019 | $2,200.00 | |
| 18/12/2019 | Cheque 45 | $220.00 | 18/12/2019 | $3,303.00 | |
| 18/12/2019 | Cheque 46 | $1,100.00 | 21/12/2019 | $440.00 | |
| 21/12/2019 | EFT – Harry Smith Drawings | $1,000.00 | 23/12/2019 | $606.00 | |
| 22/12/2019 | EFT – Super Kites Ltd | $1,100.00 | 31/12/2019 | $880.00 | |
| 27/12/2019 | Cheque 47 | $220.00 | |||
| 28/12/2019 | Cheque 48 | $495.00 | ________ | ||
| $10,935.00 | $9,079.00 | ||||
As Harry reviewed the bank statement for the month, he noticed one bank error: the bank had incorrectly charged the business $300 for a loan application fee on 1 December 2019. Harry has contacted the bank, and they will refund the fee charged in January 2020. The bank did not make any other errors.
Required:
- Prepare the bank reconciliation for Kites Galore as at 31 December 2019.
- Prepare the journal entries to correct any errors made by Kites Galore, and to record transactions that have not yet been entered into the business’s accounting records. (Note: The correction of any errors relating to the recording of cheque payments should be made to ‘Accounts payable’. The correction of any errors relating to deposits (other than interest received) should be made to ‘Accounts receivable’.)
- Prepare the ‘bank’ T-Account account for December 2019, in order to determine the balance in the ledger account after the above journal entries have been recorded and posted.
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