Question: #1
Why depreciation on fixed assets should be brought into account? Discuss in detail the several methods of providing for depreciation.
You own a bakery and you’ve just bought a big Elba oven for the baking at a cost of RM30,200. It estimated disposal value or scrap value is RM200. Elba gives warranty of 3 years but it can be used for five years in the business. At the same time Users’ manual indicates that the oven can be used for 12,000 baking hours. Since you’ve just started the business, your estimate for using the oven will be
| Year | Baking hours |
| 1 | 1400 |
| 2 | 1800 |
| 3 | 2400 |
| 4 | 2800 |
| 5 | 2600 |
Prepare depreciation schedules based on the information given above and chose the most suitable method with supporting reasons.
Question #2
You are now working as account assistant in a hotel and your hotel provide accommodation on credit to corporate clients. Your account receivable at the financial year end amounted to RM80,000. Your manager says, bad and doubtful debts should not be included in the financial statements as it will reduce the profit of the hotel. Discuss with relevant accounting examples and related accounting procedures process to be recorded.
ABC retail shop started on 1st January 2015 and following information was provided by the owner:
| Financial year ended | 31 Dec 2015 | 31 Dec 2016 | 31 Dec 2017 | 31 Dec 2018 |
| Credit sales | $180,000 | $260,000 | $220,000 | $300,000 |
| Sales returns | $5,000 | $8,000 | $6,000 | $9,000 |
| Cash received from credit customers | $150,000 | $235,000 | $210,000 | $265,000 |
| Bad debts to be written off | $500 | $600 | $1,000 | $1,200 |
| Allowance for doubtful debts to be provided at % | 4% | 4% | 3% | 5% |
Prepare the following account for four years (2015 to 2018) using the information above
- Accounts receivables account
- Bad debts account
- Allowance for doubtful debts account
- Income statement extracts
- Statement of Financial Position extracts
Question#3
| Individual Assignment | ||
| The trial balance of YOUR COMPANY (UCOM) at 31 December 2017 | Dr | Cr |
| $ | $ | |
| Capital account (at 1st Jan 2017) Drawings by owner | 40,000 | 170,700 |
| Purchases | 200,000 | |
| Returns inwards | 12,800 | |
| Returns outwards | 10,000 | |
| Discounts | 20,000 | 19,000 |
| Credit sales | 230,000 | |
| Cash sales | 380,000 | |
| Custom duties | 6,000 | |
| Carriage inwards | 12,000 | |
| Carriage outwards | 18,000 | |
| Wages and salaries | 75,000 | |
| Loan interest | 13,500 | |
| Light and heat | 18,000 | |
| Rent | 16,200 | |
| Insurance and road taxes | 16,000 | |
| Bad debts | 2,800 | |
| Doubtful debt allowance | 6,000 | |
| Inventory | 88,000 | |
| Trade Receivables | 100,700 | |
| Trade Payables | 50,000 | |
| Cash at bark | 96,800 | |
| Cash in hand | 37,800 | |
| Furniture and equipment | ||
| Cost | 140,000 | |
| Depreciation at 1st January 2017 | 50,400 | |
| New van (balance paid) | 116,000 | |
| Old motor van | ||
| Cost | 73,000 | |
| Depreciation at 1st January 2017 | 36.5 | |
| 12% Loan repayable in 10 years | 150,000 | |
| 1,102,600 | 1,102,600 |
You ascertain the following information:
- Closing inventory has been valued for accounts purposes at $24,500.
- Loan interest to be accrued accordingly.
- Depreciation on furniture and equipment is to be provided using 20% reducing balance basis.
- Depreciation on motor vehicles is to be provided using 10% Straight Line proportionate (daily) basis. (both old and new). Old motor van was sold on (Your birthday – taken as 1st Dec-2017) and trade-in price was $30,000. New van was acquried on the day you sold old van and paid the balance by cheque. You are required to determine the cost of new van.
- One of the account receivables, John is declared bankrupt on 5th Jan 2018 and $700 was still owing at 31 Dec 2017 and need to be written off as bad.
- 5% of the cb sing trade receivables total is to be doubtful.
- An accrual of $4,800 is required in respect of light and heat.
- An accrual of $19,800 is required in respect of wages.
- A quarters rent to 31 January 2018 amounting to $3,600 was paid on 15th November 2017.
- road tax and insurance renewals of company separately paid by cheques
=> new van road tax and insurance (same as date on note:d – taken as 1st Dec-2017) 3,650
Public liability and indeminity insurance (paid on 7th July for the year to 31 August 2018) 9,000
You are required to prepare:
- Income Statement for the year ended 31 December 2017.
- Statement of Financial Position as at 31 December 2017.
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